Periodontitis: Symptoms and Causes

Periodontitis is a severe gum disease that affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is caused by the buildup of plaque on teeth. This leads to inflammation of the gums, and the formation of pockets between the teeth and gums. After that, it eventually damages the bone and connective tissues that hold teeth in place. If left untreated, periodontitis can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. In this article, we will discuss the symptoms and causes of periodontitis.

Symptoms 

The early stage of periodontitis is called gingivitis, which can cause mild symptoms such as red, swollen, and bleeding gums. However, if left untreated, it can develop into periodontitis, which can cause more severe symptoms, such as:

• Bad breath or halitosis
• Pus between teeth and gums
• Receding gums or teeth appearing longer than usual
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Pain or sensitivity while chewing
• Changes in bite
• Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums

If you experience any of these symptoms, you must visit a dentist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Causes of Periodontitis

Periodontitis is primarily caused by the accumulation of plaque on teeth. Plaque is a sticky film that forms on teeth due to bacteria in the mouth. If not removed, it can harden and turn into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist. Plaque and tartar buildup can irritate the gums, leading to inflammation, and can eventually cause periodontitis. Other factors that can contribute to the development of periodontitis include:

• Genetics: Some people are more susceptible to periodontitis due to their genetic makeup.
• Poor Oral Hygiene: Failure to brush and floss regularly allows plaque to build up on teeth and eventually causes periodontitis.
• Smoking: Smoking weakens the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight off infections, including periodontitis.
• Age: Older adults are more likely to develop periodontitis.
• Health Conditions: Certain health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of developing periodontitis.

Prevention of Periodontitis

The best way to prevent periodontitis is to practice good oral hygiene, including brushing teeth twice daily, flossing daily, and visiting a dentist regularly for cleanings and checkups. It is also essential to avoid smoking and maintain a healthy diet.

Treatment of Periodontitis

If you have periodontitis, treatment options depend on the severity of the disease. In the early stages, non-surgical treatments such as scaling and root planing, which involve removing plaque and tartar from the teeth and smoothing out the root surfaces, may be sufficient. More severe cases may require surgery, such as flap surgery or bone and tissue grafts, to repair damage to the bone and gums.

In conclusion,

periodontitis is a severe gum disease that can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. It is caused by plaque buildup on teeth and can be prevented through good oral hygiene and avoiding risk factors such as smoking. If you experience any symptoms of periodontitis, it is essential to seek treatment from a dentist to prevent further damage.